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Description
When modelling sound radiation from moving sources such as passing trains or aircraft fly-overs, a key methodological choice is whether to work in the time or frequency domain. Although both approaches can be used to compute the received signal from monopole sources along arbitrary trajectories, their respective assumptions, computational costs, and suitability for different applications are not always straightforward. In this work, we systematically compare time-domain and frequency-domain formulations for moving monopole sources. We analyse their underlying assumptions, numerical efficiency, and accuracy across representative scenarios. The results provide practical criteria for selecting an appropriate approach depending on source motion and modelling objectives. In addition, we explore the integration of frequency-domain formulations into inverse methods for source reconstruction.